Diesel Engine Common Rail Technology

Common Rail System basic information

Special features of common rail system :

• Injection Pressure is produced and governed relatively independent of the engine speed and can be freely selected within a wide range.

• Injection begin and Injection quantity can be freely selected (EDC function)

The main components of a common rail fuel injection system are,

•Fuel tank - is used to store fuel

• Pre filter - is used to filter the coarse foreignparticles from entering into the system

•Filter - is used to filter particles of size 3 to 5 µm by

about 95%

•Supply pump

- Electric pump - Fuel is pressurized and delivered through the filter to HP pump

- Gear pump - Fuel is sucked from the tank through filter and delivered to HP pump

•High pressure pump - pressurizes the fuel and delivers to rail

The main components of a common rail fuel injection system are,

• High pressure pipe line - Connects HP pump to rail and rail to injector

•Rail or accumulator - Stores the fuel at high pressure

•Injector - Injects the fuel into the combustion chamber

• Electronic control unit - Precisely controlling injection begin, duration and quantity and various vehicle related functions

•Sensors - measures operating conditions and convert

physical variables into electrical signals

Actuators - Operates based on signal received from ECU

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Diesel Common Rail system overview-conve.

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